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Iv maintenance fluid calculator12/11/2023 In anesthetic practice, this formula has been further simplified, with the hourly requirement referred to as the “4-2-1 rule” (4 mL/kg/hr for the first 10 kg of weight, 2 mL/kg/hr for the next 10 kg, and 1 mL/kg/hr for each kilogram thereafter. employing liquid sodium as a heat transfer fluid and as a storage medium is generated. Viewed in this manner, the authors concluded that 100 mL/kg/day for weights to 10 kg, an additional 50 mL/kg/day for each kilogram from 11 to 20 kg, and 20 mL/kg/day more for each kilogram beyond 20 kg. SSPS transportation, assembly, and maintenance are discussed. This curve could be seen comprising of three linear sections which coincided approximately with the following weight sections: 0 to 10 kg, 10 to 20 kg, and 20 to 70 kg. Based on their data and assumptions, Holliday and Segar constructed a curve plotting Energy Caloric Requirements versus Weight. The relationship between Weight and Energy Expenditure was found to be NON-LINEAR. In other words “the average needs for water, expressed in milliliters, equals energy expenditure in calories (under normal resting conditions, 1 ml of water is required to metabolize 1 kcal)". In a study published in 1957, in the Journal Pediatrics, Malcolm Holliday and William Segar developed a simple scheme which could be easily remembered to calculate the maintenance water needs in hospitalized patients.Īssimilating the known physiology at the time, they observed that “there was a DIRECT LINEAR relationship between Physiologic Water Needs (insensible losses + urinary losses) and Energy Metabolism". One of the primary objectives of maintenance parenteral fluid therapy is to provide water to meet physiologic losses (insensible loss + urine loss). Maintenance Fluid Requirements for essentially well child with normal hydration status - Most unwell children should receive 2/3 of this amount. 100mls/hour (2500 mls/day) is the normal maximum amount for any patient.
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